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    Touriga Nacional

    Vitis vinifera L.

    A Portuguese red grape, now admitted even in Bordeaux.

    VIVC
    № 125941
    Berry skin
    black (noir)1
    Origin
    Portugal1
    Synonyms in VIVC
    221
    central lobepetiolar sinuslobes: 5cluster

    No parents confirmed by DNA (VIVC).

    vinoluma engraving: schematic leaf after the description (5 lobes).

    Where Touriga Nacional comes from and grows

    1. Origin (VIVC)Portugal
    2. Atlas regionDouro
    3. Atlas regionBordeaux

    Country of origin as given by VIVC. Regions are those where the atlas sources mention the variety; not a complete list of where it grows.

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    Origin

    Touriga Nacional is originally from Portugal.2 VIVC lists 22 synonyms for it and no confirmed parents.1 A chloroplast DNA study suggests that Touriga Franca could be the progeny of Touriga Nacional and Marufo.3

    Where it grows

    In 2015 Portugal had 12,000 hectares of Touriga Nacional, 6% of its vineyard area.4 It is one of the varieties officially listed for the Porto and Douro designations of origin.5

    The Bordeaux appellation rules admit it as a variety of interest for climate adaptation, capped at 5% of an estate's plantings and 10% of the blend.6 In France as a whole it covered just 8 hectares in 2016.2

    Other names

    Examples of synonyms recorded in VIVC: Azal Espanhol, Bical Tinto, Carabunera, Mortagua, Preto Mortagua.1

    Around the world

    In 2023 it covered 13,591 hectares of bearing vineyards worldwide, ranking 54 of 1497 varieties in the database.7

    The largest area is in Portugal: 13,443 ha (99% of the world total), across 12 countries.7

    Between 2000 and 2023 its area grew by 222%.7

    1. Portugal13,443 ha
    2. Australia71 ha
    3. Argentina19 ha
    4. the United States17 ha
    5. Spain16 ha
    6. Chile12 ha
    7. Brazil8.9 ha
    8. Uruguay3.3 ha
    9. Canada1 ha
    10. New Zealand0.6 ha
    11. Switzerland0.3 ha
    12. Croatia0.2 ha

    Area, 2023

    4,22110,33411,68313,5912000201020162023

    Regions

    Sources

    1. VIVC passport data: TOURIGA NACIONAL. Julius Kühn-Institut (JKI), Geilweilerhof, accessed 2026-10-14. level 2 · checked 2026-10-13
    2. Touriga nacional N. plantGrape (IFV / INRAE / Institut Agro), accessed 2026-10-14. level 2 · checked 2026-10-13
    3. Castro I.D. et al. Chloroplast DNA Diversity in Portuguese Grape Cultivars. Acta Horticulturae 918:701-708. ISHS, 2011. level 3 · checked 2026-10-13
    4. Focus OIV 2017: Distribution of the world's grapevine varieties. OIV, 2017. level 2 · checked 2026-10-13
    5. Portaria n.º 383/2017 (castas aptas à produção de vinhos DO Porto e DO Douro), Diário da República n.º 243, 20.12.2017. Ministério da Agricultura, Portugal (via Informador Fiscal), 2017. level 1 · checked 2026-10-13
    6. Cahier des charges de l'appellation d'origine contrôlée « Bordeaux ». INAO, 2023. level 1 · checked 2026-10-13
    7. Database of Regional, National and Global Winegrape Bearing Areas by Variety, 2000 to 2023. Anderson K., Nelgen S., Puga G. Wine Economics Research Centre, University of Adelaide (CC BY 4.0), 2026. level 3 · checked 2026-10-13