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    Complexa

    Vitis vinifera L.

    Complexa is a grape variety with black berries.1

    Its country of origin is Portugal.2

    In 2023 it covered 103 hectares of bearing vineyards worldwide, ranking 565 of 1497 varieties in the database.2

    It is now grown in one country only: Portugal.2

    Between 2000 and 2023 its area grew by 1,506%.2

    VIVC lists its parents as (castelao X Alicante Bouschet) X Alicante Bouschet] × Muscat of Hamburg, as given by the breeder or the literature.1

    Crossed in 1959 by Ferreira de Almeida, Jose Leao.1

    vinoluma engraving: a schematic leaf, not a botanical description of the variety.
    Berry skin (VIVC)
    black1
    Origin
    Portugal2
    Area, 2023
    103 ha2
    World rank
    565 / 14972
    VIVC
    № 27941
    parent(castelao X Alicante Bouschet) X Alicante Bouschet]
    parentMuscat of Hamburg
    Complexa

    Area by country

    1. Portugal103 ha

    Area, 2023

    6.41031031032000201020162023
    World area, ha 2

    Where Complexa grows

    1. OriginPortugal
    2. AreaPortugal

    Countries from the University of Adelaide database; dots mark country centres, not regions.

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    Parents

    Other varieties from Portugal

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    All varieties in the database →

    Sources

    1. VIVC passport no. 2794. Vitis International Variety Catalogue (VIVC), Julius Kühn-Institut, 2026. level 2
    2. Database of Regional, National and Global Winegrape Bearing Areas by Variety, 2000 to 2023. Anderson K., Nelgen S., Puga G. Wine Economics Research Centre, University of Adelaide (CC BY 4.0), 2026. level 3